Winner of the CMJ essay competition 2019.

Fernando and Kelly report a paediatric case of a 6-year-old girl with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) who presented with easy bruising and gum bleeding. Following diagnosis and treatment as pre-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (pre-B ALL) the patient developed an acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) which was refractory to all available curative therapies.

An 81-year-old Chinese lady complained about worsening shortness of breath, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea and dyspnoea at rest since 3 days before admission from nursing home. The symptoms were relieved by sublingual glyceryl trinitrate and oxygen.

Winner of the Edinburgh University Neurological Society Essay Competition 2019.

The family of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) consists of 22 growth factors with numerous functions including proliferation, survival, motility, and differentiation of cells. This review aims to present the importance of FGF-10’s different functions in terms of development, diseases, wound healing, and therapeutic value

A laparotomy procedure is a common surgical technique, especially in an emergency setting. Defined as the making of an incision into the abdominal wall to access the abdominal or pelvic cavity, a laparotomy can be explorative, therapeutic or emergency. Since the 1980s, pioneering laparoscopic approaches have revolutionised the procedure, resulting in lower post-operative infection rates. However, it is a versatile operation, with a little-known history that far pre-dates modern times